Ionization Energies

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Ionization Energies Navigation

By Name

By Symbol

By Number

Actinium to Cadmium

Element

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Aluminum

I (1)

5.985768 eV

II (2)

18.82855 eV

III (3)

28.44765 ± 0.00008 eV

IV (4)

119.992 ± 0.002 eV

V (5)

153.825 ± 0.003 eV

VI (6)

190.49 ± 0.05 eV

VII (7)

241.76 ± 0.09 eV

VIII (8)

284.66 ± 0.06 eV

IX (9)

330.13 ± 0.07 eV

X (10)

398.75 eV

XI (11)

442.00 ± 0.03 eV

XII (12)

2085.98 ± 0.03 eV

XIII (13)

2304.1410 ± 0.0007 eV

Antimony

I (1)

8.60839 eV

II (2)

16.63 eV

III (3)

25.3 eV

IV (4)

44.2 eV

V (5)

56 eV

VI (6)

108 eV

Argon

I (1)

15.759610 eV

II (2)

27.62966 eV

III (3)

40.74 eV

IV (4)

59.81 eV

V (5)

75.02 eV

VI (6)

91.009 eV

VII (7)

124.323 eV

VIII (8)

143.460 eV

IX (9)

422.45 eV

X (10)

478.69 eV

XI (11)

538.96 eV

XII (12)

618.26 eV

XIII (13)

686.10 eV

XIV (14)

755.74 eV

XV (15)

854.77 eV

XVI (16)

918.03 eV

XVII (17)

4120.8857 eV

XVIII (18)

4426.2296 eV

Arsenic

I (1)

9.7886 eV

II (2)

18.5892 eV

III (3)

28.351 eV

IV (4)

50.13 eV

V (5)

62.63 eV

VI (6)

127.6 eV

Barium

I (1)

5.211664 eV

II (2)

10.00383 eV

III (3)

35.844 ± 0.002 eV

IV (4)

47.03 ± 0.33 eV

V (5)

58 eV

VI (6)

71 eV

VII (7)

86 eV

VIII (8)

101 eV

IX (9)

130.5 ± 0.6 eV

X (10)

146.52 ± 0.12 eV

XI (11)

241 eV

XII (12)

267 eV

XIII (13)

296 eV

XIV (14)

325 eV

XV (15)

354 eV

XVI (16)

390 eV

XVII (17)

422 eV

XVIII (18)

455 eV

XIX (19)

488 eV

XX (20)

520 eV

XXI (21)

646 eV

XXII (22)

679 eV

XXIII (23)

717 eV

XXIV (24)

752 eV

XXV (25)

809 eV

XXVI (26)

846 eV

XXVII (27)

914 eV

XXVIII (28)

976.6 ± 0.1 eV

XXIX (29)

1695 eV

XXX (30)

1776 eV

XXXI (31)

1864 eV

XXXII (32)

1958 eV

XXXIII (33)

2047 eV

XXXIV (34)

2142 eV

XXXV (35)

2256 eV

XXXVI (36)

2349 eV

XXXVII (37)

2452 eV

XXXVIII (38)

2547 eV

XXXIX (39)

2814 eV

XL (40)

2901 eV

XLI (41)

2994 eV

XLII (42)

3081 eV

XLIII (43)

3266 eV

XLIV (44)

3363 eV

XLV (45)

3546 eV

XLVI (46)

3642 eV

XLVII (47)

8326 eV

XLVIII (48)

8565 eV

XLIX (49)

8830 eV

L (50)

9078 eV

LI (51)

9739 eV

LII (52)

10023 eV

LIII (53)

10376 eV

LIV (54)

10618 eV

LV (55)

43484.45 ± 0.15 eV

LVI (56)

44561.47 ± 0.06 eV

Beryllium

I (1)

9.32270 eV

II (2)

18.21114 eV

III (3)

153.89661 eV

IV (4)

217.71865 eV

Bismuth

I (1)

7.2855 eV

II (2)

16.703 eV

III (3)

25.56 eV

IV (4)

45.3 eV

V (5)

56.0 eV

VI (6)

88.3 eV

Boron

I (1)

8.29802 eV

II (2)

25.1548 eV

III (3)

37.93064 eV

IV (4)

259.37521 eV

V (5)

340.22580 eV

Bromine

I (1)

11.8138 eV

II (2)

21.591 eV

III (3)

36 eV

IV (4)

47.3 eV

V (5)

59.7 eV

VI (6)

88.6 eV

VII (7)

103.0 eV

VIII (8)

192.8 eV

References (Click the next to a value above to see complete citation information for that entry)

Kaufman, Victor, and W. C. Martin. "Wavelengths and Energy Level Classifications for the Spectra of Aluminum (Al I through Al XIII)." Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, volume 20, number 5, 1991, pp. 775–857.

Lide, David R., editor. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 88th edition. Boca Raton, Florida: Taylor & Francis Group, 2008.

Moore, Charlotte E. Ionization Potentials and Ionization Limits Derived from the Analyses of Optical Spectra. Washington, D.C.: National Bureau of Standards, 1970.

Rothe, S., A. N. Andreyev, S. Antalic, A. Borschevsky, L. Capponi, T. E. Cocolios, H. De Witte, E. Eliav, D. V. Fedorov, V. N. Fedosseev, D. A. Fink, S. Fritzsche, L. Ghys, M. Huyse, N. Imai, U. Kaldor, Yuri Kudryavtsev, U. Köster, J. F. W. Lane, J. Lassen, V. Liberati, K. M. Lynch, B. A. Marsh, K. Nishio, D. Pauwels, V. Pershina, L. Popescu, T. J. Procter, D. Radulov, S. Raeder, M. M. Rajabali, E. Rapisarda, R. E. Rossel, K. Sandhu, M. D. Seliverstov, A. M. Sjödin, P. Van den Bergh, P. Van Duppen, M. Venhart, Y. Wakabayashi, and K. D. A. Wendt. "Measurement of the First Ionization Potential of Astatine by Laser Ionization Spectroscopy." Nature Communications, volume 4:1835, 2013, pp. 1–6. doi:10.1038/ncomms2819

Sansonetti, J. E., and J. J. Curry. "Wavelengths, Transition Probabilities, and Energy Levels for the Spectra of Barium (Ba III through Ba LVI)." Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, volume 39, number 4, 2010, pp. 043103–1 to 043103–99. doi:10.1063/1.3432516

Sansonetti, J. E., and W. C. Martin. "Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data." Journal Of Physical And Chemical Reference Data, volume 34, number 4, 2005, pp. 1559–2259. doi:10.1063/1.1800011

Seaborg, Glenn T., and Walter D. Loveland. The Elements Beyond Uranium. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1990.

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